
Key Concepts of Theosophy
1)
Infinitude
Nature is
infinite in space and time -- boundless and eternal, unfathomable and ineffable.
The all-pervading essence of infinite nature can be called space,
consciousness, life, substance, force, energy, divinity -- all of which are
fundamentally one.
2) The
finite and the infinite
Nature is a
unity in diversity, one in essence, manifold in form. The infinite whole is
composed of an infinite number of finite wholes -- the relatively stable and
autonomous things (natural systems or artefacts) that
we observe around us. Every natural system is not only a conscious, living,
substantial entity, but is consciousness-life-substance, of a particular range
of density
and form. Infinite nature is an abstraction, not
an entity; it therefore does not act or change and has no attributes. The
finite, concrete systems of which it is composed, on the other hand, move and
change, act and interact, and possess attributes. They are composite,
inhomogeneous, and ultimately transient.
3)
Vibration/worlds within worlds
The one
essence manifests not only in infinitely varied forms, and on infinitely varied
scales, but also in infinitely varying degrees of spirituality and
substantiality, comprising an infinite spectrum of vibration or density. There
is therefore an endless series of interpenetrating, interacting worlds within
worlds, systems within systems.
The
energy-substances of higher planes or subplanes (a
plane being a particular range of vibration) are relatively more homogeneous
and less differentiated than those of lower planes or subplanes.
4) Space and
time
Just as
boundless space is comprised of endless finite units of space, so eternal
duration is comprised of endless finite units of time. Space is the infinite totality of worlds
within worlds, but appears predominantly empty because only a tiny fraction of
the energy-substances composing it are perceptible and tangible to an entity at
any particular moment. Time is a concept we use to quantify the rate at which
events occur; it is a function of
change and motion, and presupposes a succession of cause
and effect. Every entity is extended in space and changes 'in time'.
5)
Causation/karma
All change
(of position, substance, or form) is the result of causes; there is no such
thing as absolute chance. Nothing can happen for no reason at all for nothing
exists in isolation; everything is part of an intricate web of causal
interconnections and interactions. The keynote of nature is harmony: every
action is automatically followed by an equal and
opposite reaction, which sooner or later rebounds upon the originator of the
initial act. Thus, all our thoughts and deeds will eventually bring us
'fortune' or 'misfortune' according to the degree to which they were harmonious
or disharmonious. In the long term, perfect justice prevails in nature.
6) Analogy
Because
nature is fundamentally one, and the same basic habits and structural,
geometric, and evolutionary principles apply throughout, there are
correspondences between microcosm and macrocosm. The principle of analogy -- as
above, so below -- is a vital tool in our efforts to understand reality.
7)
Relativity
All finite
systems and their attributes are relative. For any entity, energy-substances
vibrating within the same range of frequencies as its outer body are 'physical'
matter, and finer grades of substance are what we call energy, force, thought,
desire, mind, spirit, consciousness, but these are just as material to entities
on the corresponding planes as our physical world is to us. Distance and time
units are also relative: an atom is a solar system on its own scale, reembodying perhaps millions of times in what for us is one
second, and our whole galaxy may be a molecule in some supercosmic
entity, for which a million of our years is just a second. The range of scale
is infinite: matter-consciousness is both infinitely divisible and infinitely
aggregative.
8)
Hierarchy
All natural
systems consist of smaller systems and form part of larger systems. Hierarchies
extend both 'horizontally' (on the same plane) and 'vertically' or inwardly (to
higher and lower planes). On the horizontal level, subatomic particles form
atoms, which combine into molecules, which arrange themselves into cells, which
form tissues and organs, which form part of organisms, which form part of
ecosystems, which form part of planets, solar systems, galaxies, etc. The
constitution of worlds and of the organisms that inhabit them form 'vertical'
hierarchies, and can be divided into several interpenetrating layers or
elements, from physical-astral to psychomental to
spiritual-divine, each of which can be further divided.
The human
constitution can be divided up in several different ways: e.g. into a trinity
of body, soul, and spirit; or into 7 'principles' -- a lower quaternary
consisting of physical body, astral model-body, life-energy, and lower thoughts
and desires, and an upper triad consisting of higher mind (reincarnating ego),
spiritual intuition, and inner god. A planet or star can be regarded as a
'chain' of 12 globes, existing on 7 planes, each globe comprising several subplanes.
The highest
part of every multilevelled organism or hierarchy is
its spiritual summit or 'absolute', meaning a collective entity or 'deity'
which is relatively perfected in relation to the hierarchy in question. But the
most 'spiritual' pole of one hierarchy is the most 'material' pole of the next,
superior hierarchy, just as the lowest pole of one hierarchy is the highest
pole of the one below.
9) From
within outwards
Each level
of a hierarchical system exercises a formative and organizing influence on the
lower levels (through the patterns and prototypes stored up from past cycles of
activity), while the lower levels in turn react upon the higher. A system is
therefore formed and organized mainly from within outwards, from the inner
levels of its constitution, which are relatively more
enduring and developed than the outer levels. This
inner guidance is sometimes active and selfconscious,
as in our acts of free will (constrained, however, by karmic tendencies from
the past), and sometimes it is automatic and passive, giving rise to our own
automatic bodily functions and habitual and instinctual behavior, and to the
orderly, lawlike operations of nature in
general. The 'laws' of nature are therefore the habits
of the various grades of conscious entities that compose reality, ranging from
higher intelligences (collectively
forming the universal mind) to elemental nature-forces.
10)
Consciousness and its vehicles
The core of
every entity -- whether atom, human, planet, or star -- is a monad, a unit of
consciousness-life-substance, which acts through a series of more material
vehicles or bodies. The monad
or self in which the consciousness of a particular organism is focused is
animated by higher monads and expresses
itself through a series of lesser monads, each of
which is the nucleus of one of the lower vehicles of the entity in question.
The following monads can be distinguished: the divine or galactic monad, the
spiritual or solar monad, the higher human or planetary-chain monad, the lower
human or globe monad, and the animal, vital-astral, and physical monads. At our
present stage of evolution, we are essentially the lower human monad, and our
task is to raise our consciousness from the animal-human to the spiritual-human
level of it.
11) Evolutionary unfoldment
Evolution
means the unfolding, the bringing into active manifestation, of latent powers and
faculties 'involved' in a previous cycle of evolution. It is the building of
ever fitter vehicles for the expression of the mental and spiritual powers of
the monad. The more sophisticated the lower vehicles of an
entity, the greater their ability to express the
powers locked up in the higher levels of its constitution. Thus all things are
alive and conscious, but the degree of manifest life and consciousness is
extremely varied.
Evolution
results from the interplay of inner impulses and environmental stimuli. Ever
building on and modifying the patterns of the past, nature is infinitely
creative.
12) Cyclic
evolution/re-embodiment
Cyclic
evolution is a fundamental habit of nature. A period of evolutionary activity
is followed by a period of rest. All natural systems evolve through
re-embodiment. Entities are born from a seed or nucleus remaining from the
previous evolutionary cycle of the monad, develop to maturity, grow old, and
pass away, only to re-embody in a new form after a period of rest. Each new
embodiment is the product of past karma and present
choices.
13) Birth
and Death
Nothing comes
from nothing: matter and energy can be neither created nor destroyed, but only
transformed. Everything evolves from preexisting material. The growth of the
body of an organism is initiated on inner planes, and involves the
transformation of higher energy-substances into lower, more
material ones, together with the attraction of matter
from the environment.
When an
organism has exhausted the store of vital energy with which it is born, the
coordinating force of the indwelling monad is withdrawn, and the organism 'dies', i.e. falls apart as a unit, and its constituent
components go their separate ways. The lower vehicles decompose on their
respective subplanes, while, in the case of humans,
the reincarnating ego enters a dreamlike state of rest and assimilates the
experiences of the previous incarnation. When the time comes for the next
embodiment, the reincarnating
ego clothes itself in many of the same atoms of
different grades that it had used previously, bearing the appropriate karmic
impress. The same basic processes of birth, death,
and rebirth apply to all entities, from atoms to humans to stars.
14) Evolution and involution of worlds
Worlds or
spheres, such as planets and stars, are composed of, and provide the field for
the evolution of, 10 kingdoms -- 3 elemental kingdoms, mineral, plant, animal,
and human kingdoms, and 3 spiritual kingdoms. The impulse for a new
manifestation of a world issues from its spiritual summit or hierarch, from
which emanate a series of steadily denser globes or planes; the One expands
into the many. During the first half of the evolutionary cycle (the arc of
descent) the energy-substances of each plane materialize or condense, while
during the second half (the arc of ascent) the trend is towards
dematerialization or etherealization,
as globes and entities are reabsorbed into the spiritual hierarch for a period
of nirvanic rest. The descending arc is characterized
by the evolution of matter and involution of spirit, while the ascending arc is
characterized by the evolution of spirit and involution of matter.
15) Evolution of the monad
In each
grand cycle of evolution, comprising many planetary embodiments, a monad begins
as an unselfconsciousness god-spark, embodies in every kingdom of nature for
the purpose of gaining experience and unfolding its inherent faculties, and
ends the cycle as a self conscious god. Elementals ('baby monads') have no free
choice, but automatically act in harmony with one
another and the rest of nature. In each successive
kingdom differentiation and individuality increase, and reach their peak in the
human kingdom with the attainment of selfconsciousness
and a large measure of free will.
In the
human kingdom in particular, self-directed evolution comes into its own. There
is no superior power granting privileges or handing out favours;
we evolve according to our karmic merits and demerits. As we progress through
the spiritual kingdoms we become increasingly at one again with nature, and
willingly 'sacrifice' our circumscribed selfconscious
freedoms (especially the freedom to 'do our own thing') in order to work in
peace and harmony with the greater whole of which we form an integral part. The
highest gods of one hierarchy or
world-system begin as elementals in the next. The matter of
any plane is composed of aggregated, crystallized monads in their nirvanic sleep, and the spiritual and divine entities
embodied as planets and stars are the electrons and atomic nuclei -- the
material building blocks -- of worlds on even larger scales. Evolution is
without beginning and without end, an endless adventure through the fields of
infinitude, in which there are always new worlds of experience in which to
become selfconscious masters of life.
16)
Universal brotherhood
There is no
absolute separateness in nature. All things are made of the same essence, have
the same spiritual-divine potential, and are interlinked by magnetic ties of
sympathy. It is impossible to realize our full potential, unless we recognize
the spiritual unity of all living beings and make universal brotherhood the
keynote of our lives.
Theosophy in
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